While we do not require citations in answers (but do encourage them), answers need to be reasonably substantive and well-researched, accurately portray the state of the research, and come only from those with relevant . At 19, he went to Athens to study at the Academy. But Epicureanism is worth studying as more than just early-church context. if not more. The Stoic school was founded by Zeno of Citium (cir. Stoicism is an elegant philosophy that is a practical guide to enduring the trials that life offers. It is separate from the concept of dualism, wherein the body is viewed as being material and the soul is immaterial. This feature has sometimes been seen as a ground of criticism of the theories, especially of the Stoic version, both in antiquity and in some modern discussions. (Athenaeus, "Deipnosophistae" 3.11c., fragment 257) Epicureans believed that the . Points 62,499 Posts 8,142 Quizzes 7 Quiz rate 100.0 % Member since Apr 29th 2015. Epicureanism and Stoicism, on the contrary, largely exist in textbooks, the main reason being Christianity: as soon as the Christians took over the Roman empire they put their newly found political and military might in the service of the one true god and persecuted both Epicureans and Stoics. Stoicism espouses belief in a singular God who created everything in the world, and that this God originates not only events in the past, but also events in the future. The stoic does everything for himself and the Epicurean does nothing for himself. Stoicism and Epicureanism were two major philosophical schools in the Hellenistic-Roman period. They never proposed grand . A student sommelier serves a glass of red wine in France. Epicurus (341-270) was born on the island of Samos in Ionia. Both Stoicism and Epicureanism were concerned with the well-being of the individual, and in response to the new cosmopolitan . Stoicism and Epicureanism were the two main Hellenistic schools of philosophy (i.e., schools which came after Aristotle). We already know that the Stoics had much in common with the early Christians; not so the Epicureans, for whom life's highest goal was individual pleasure. Words 5329. The Stoics were pantheists, the Epicureans were not. Administrator. Catherine Wilson's January 2021 article: "Why Epicureanism, Not Stoicism, Is The Philosophy We Need Now" Cassius; Jan 13th 2021; Go to last post; 1 Page 1 of 3; 2; 3; Online. Born in 341 BCE, only six years after Plato's death, Epicurus came of age at a good time to achieve influence. Continue this thread. Epicurus was inspired by the theories of . Death and the Soul—Epicureanism and Stoicism. Anything material can be corrupted. What happens at death and the idea of the afterlife put human logic and science to a test. Epicureanism, on the other hand, offers to fulfil a different purpose; happiness. Epicureanism is a system of philosophy based on the teachings of Epicurus, founded around 307 B.C. Stoicism is an elegant philosophy that is a practical guide to enduring the trials that life offers. Focus on your breadths and mentally repeat your maxim. Stoicism requires pain in nearly every role and embraces it. A sage is one who has attained a 'plenitude of being', or . Start studying Epicureanism and Stoicism. Epicureanism is about paving your own way and experiencing the world in a way that allows you to pursue true pleasure, while mostly aiming to avoid pain. Both sought to liberate man from fate. Epicureanism has gotten a bad rap in modern times because of a misunderstanding of its basic tenets. What did the Epicureans do? 241 Words1 Page. (Athenaeus, "Deipnosophistae" 3.11c., fragment 257) Epicureans believed that the . The Stoics rightly noticed that most of the stupid shit people do, they do because they think it's going to make them feel good. The best life is the one lived virtuously and justly. Epicureanism Vs. Perhaps surprisingly, Epicureans advocated for simple living because excessive pleasures . Welcome to r/askphilosophy. The most important teaching of Stoicism which has resonated across a millennia is the importance of perception and control, that when faced with adversity and challenge an . By Catherine Wilson . For Plato, the solution was a class of enlightened philosopher kings. These two philosophies differed in many of their basic theories. Epicureanism suggests leading a simplistic life with friends while the Stoic perspective is accepting life as it comes. Epicureans and Stoics. In ancient Greece, by which we judge sensory data, is based entirely on the senses are,. Stoicism, Epicureanism, and Skepticism brought new perspectives about how the world or life in general should be viewed after Alexander's conquests became from polis to cosmopolitan Hellenistic cities. To argue that Stoicism is the only viable path to well-being in modern times is exclusionary. Relationship between Epicureans, Stoics, & Christians. However, the Epicureanism vs. Stoics attempted to reach a moral level where they had freedom from passion, while Epicureans strove for pleasure . These are likely to be conflicting positions. Paul, in Acts 17:18, addresses adherents to two philosophical schools: Stoicism and the Epicureanism. For Aristotle, the solution was to create a pseudo-gerontocracy. Stoicism and Epicureanism were two influential schools of thought that were founded in the Hellenistic period and developed further during the Roman empire. Answer (1 of 2): They were both very widespread and well-known in Greece and Rome, so whatever is responsible for the present disparity happened during their recent modern revival. The Stoics upheld bivalence for propositions, the Epicureans seemed to be happy to give up bivalence for future contingents. The ethical theory of Stoicism is characterized by its insistence on moral righteousness and responsibility. Both schools were officially abolished in 529 CE by . The Stoics on Achieving Happiness. Introduction. First, Christianity is founded on Jesus of Nazareth's dolorous death. The stoic has no fear of death, while the Epicurean struggles with being alone in the world. Stoicism holds virtue, or living according to reason, to be the sole good. Unlike the Epicureans who hold pleasure paramount, the Stoics grant the highest importance to self-preservation, by believing that virtue and wisdom are the necessary abilities to achieve satisfaction. So there are other-centered reasons to fear death that are not connected with its impact on me, but on those whom I love. The Stoics also make a similar move to the Epicureans when human relations go from friendship to sexual intercourse, though whereas the Epicureans maintain an ambivalent position on sex - arguing that, unlike friendship, it is not really necessary, and can only do one harm - the Stoics go further, arguing that, in the words of Diogenes Laertius . Both Epicurus and the Stoics find death to be an essential topic for philosophy. Stoicism was established, also in ancient Greece, by Zeno of Citium (334-262 BCE . Cicero, Tusculan Disputations Book 5 (on ancient ideas about how to gain peace of mind, including Stoic and Epicurean ideas). The Stoic school was founded by Zeno of Citium (cir. In contrast to its modern connotations, the goal of Epicureanism is tranquility, which is achieved by moderating our desires, not by indulging them; it teaches us to understand our needs and desires so we can live a happy life.. Firstly, kindly review the criteria for assessing a reaction paper in the syllabus. One problem with both Stoicism and Epicureanism is their excessive focus . It seemed, though, that he liked the philosophy of Democritus better. Stoicism. And physical pain introduced this philosophy . He lived between 341 and 269 BCE in Greece. The hedonism of Epicureanism simply does not allow that. Unlike the Epicureans who hold pleasure paramount, the Stoics grant the highest importance to self-preservation, by believing that virtue and wisdom are the necessary abilities to achieve satisfaction. 4) Retreat into oneself: find a place where you are not likely to be disturbed for 5-10 minutes; chose a Stoic maxim to focus on, such as "Some things are under our control and others are not.". Plato, the Stoics and the Epicureans all understood the persistent appeal of demagoguery, and the shallow thinking of the masses. According to him, pleasure was the ultimate end of life and in that, happiness fundamentally consists. In Epicureanism, both the body and the soul are believed to be substantial. Both were very influential, although they differed on many topics, which we will discuss today. Given this belief in God, there is a great emphasis placed on . It teaches that the greatest good is to seek modest pleasures in order to attain a state of tranquillity, freedom from fear ("ataraxia") and absence from bodily pain ("aponia"). Everything else derives from there. Epicureanism is a system of philosophy founded around 307 BC based upon the teachings of the ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus.Epicureanism was originally a challenge to Platonism.Later its main opponent became Stoicism.. Few writings by Epicurus have survived. Why Epicureanism, not Stoicism, is the philosophy we need now. Stoics believe reason leads us to pursue specific things while avoiding others, in accordance with what will . Stoic and Epicurean—two words that do not mean what people think they mean. B.C . 5. Therefore, Epicureans classify human desires as either natural (part of human nature), or non-natural (e.g., power, fame, fortune). Historically . However, there are independent attestations of his ideas from his later disciples. Therefore, both of these schools offer ways to avoid pain in life for the highest good. For Epicureans, Christian theology is imbalanced and the Christian mind morbid in contrast to Epicureanism's healthy embrace of pleasure and avoidance of pain. Please read our rules before commenting and understand that your comments will be removed if they are not up to standard or otherwise break the rules. However, the Epicureanism vs. Stoics used some of the same terminology as Christians. One problem with both Stoicism and Epicureanism is their excessive focus . Stoicism and, to some extent, Epicureanism are striking examples of (what we now call) 'cognitive' theories of emotion, which stress the role of belief and intention in shaping emotional reactions. The Stoics on Achieving Happiness. Epicureanism and stoicism, both warned against living an excessively pleasure-driven life. The stoic philosophy definition from Wikipedia says stoicism is a "a philosophy of personal ethics informed by its system of logic and its views on the natural world.". . You will limit your paper to at least 1000 words or three paragraphs or . So there are other-centered reasons to fear death that are not connected with its impact on me, but on those whom I love. Epicureanism "The gods are not to be feared; death cannot be felt; the good can be won; all that we dread can be conquered." -- Epicurus . Exercising self-restraint does not limit our freedom but rather enhances it as we will not be subject to our passions but rather, we can dominate them. People today tend to think it represents ultimate, decadent . There is no point in arguing Stoicism is better than Epicureanism, Scepticism, Neo-Platonism, Cynicism, et al. However, this is way too simplistic an explanation. Both philosophies regard a happy life as the end goal. This is a crucial important difference. There are other reasons, however, for why Christian culture is legitimately so deeply concerned with suffering. It's also not the case that well-trained Epicureans are immune to pain. Philosophers have warned against pleasure since Plato, but Epicurean principles can be the basis of a humane politics aimed at security for all. In the case of Stoicism, its popular meaning today suggests little more than a stiff-upper-lip, hyper-rational, emotionless automaton, not unlike the Star Trek character Mr. Spock. Both philosophy schools teach us to live . Similarly, Epicureanism's popular meaning evokes a kind of . 3. Develop the theory that pleasure is the highest good. 4. I prefer Stoicism but Epicureanism is a valid philosophy which is much misunderstood. (I say likely, since the Epicureans did not subscribe to the Stoic theory of propositions or axiomata.) (Photo By: PHILIPPE DESMAZES/AFP via Getty Images) . 2. While Epicureanism teaches us that we should avoid pain and maximize pleasure, Stoicism teaches us to treat joy and pain indifferently. What's more, the Stoic legacy has shaped our world in more ways than you might expect. Accept pain and don't chase pleasure. Epicureans pursue pleasure whereas Stoics have a sense of duty. . By: Stephen Hanselman The English language has done a great disservice to two of ancient philosophy's greatest schools—Stoicism and Epicureanism. Stoics believe reason leads us to pursue specific things while avoiding others, in accordance with what will . Epicureans Stoics Skeptics New Platonists. Answer (1 of 2): They were both very widespread and well-known in Greece and Rome, so whatever is responsible for the present disparity happened during their recent modern revival. For Epicurus, "pleasure" (the Greek term is "hêdonê") is defined as: … motion in the soul which arises from the sense of well-being and enjoyment and which is devoid of pain and devoid of any fear of danger; such as joy, delight, cheerfulness. Opposite, the Stoics place good and evil on the level of virtue as found in our minds: good and evil consist solely in what attitude we take to sensations.
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