When I was active duty Air Force we had a guy pass his medical and they drop from a heart attack the next day while sitting on his couch. In the FAA world view you are not telling the truth. To stay current, I have been renting/flying 152s and 172s with an instructor, but that is very expensive too (the inclusion of the instructor, that is). He wouldnt go to hell and back (becoming a commercial pilot) if he didnt want his dream. Have tried the polite calling routine, found they will lie to you, one time the lady told me my SI was approved & mailed 2 days prior, when I finally got it 3 weeks later the post mark date proved they had lied. Coronary heart disease that has been treated or, if untreated, that has been symptomatic or clinically significant, Disturbance of consciousness without satisfactory explanation of the cause, A personality disorder that is severe enough to have repeatedly manifested itself by overt acts, Transient loss of control of nervous system function(s) without a satisfactory explanation of the cause. Another friend had accompanied me to this testing and he sat across the table from me so that he could see the doctors actions. Are they going to question my patriotism or mental stability? We know that the incidence of major depression in the general population is 10%. Anyone who would report this immediately loses their medical and has to wait a year. At 60 years of age you do not want to become an airline pilot you just want to be able to go up fly around and come back again. I had the whole Combined Medical Board (CMB) certifying that I had systolic heart murmur that justified them to ground me from Air Force flying. The Application for Airman Medical Certification (otherwise known as MedXPress or 8500-8), needs to be filled out prior to seeing an aviation medical examiner. On the subject of medical self certification, read the announcement by the AOPA and the EAA. What will actually happen if you are caught lying? Students and young pilots just want to fly. Never used my weapon except for training. Neither IFA, nor Paul Engstrom assume any responsibility or liability for events that occur due to actions you or others on your behalf take based on the information given in this article. But is the whole medical certificate process flawed? Each time the Dr. hit the switch, my friend kicked me under the table and I could respond that I had heard the tone in the headset as required. I dont think the FAA realizes that pilots arent average human beings. My understanding is that the FAA cannot see your personal medical records without your permission so how are guys getting caught. I reported hypertension and was required to have an entire cardiac work-up within the past 6 months. People are who they are. Even when telling the truth the FAA doesnt give the AME the power to decide. Joined APC: Jan 2013 . I have been flying for 39 years and professionally since I was 18. To self certify? I hadnt had any issues or symptoms for over 10 yrs., doctors Id seen always pronounced me fit & healthy. 2. Ive seen pilots successfully conquer exams and die days later (in flight). lie if you want, hell find out. This is likely true for those receiving social security disability benefits as well, What Happens When the FAA gets Suspicious. In certain circumstances, I wouldnt think twice about lying on the medical form, quite frankly. No, I have never lied on the medical application because I understood the ramifications in the event of an accident. what tests you need, when you need to take these tests, etc) to satisfy the FAA that youre good to go. Those are hard to fake. Regardless of whether they lie or not, the system seems to be working there seem to be very few (if any) crashes or incidents related to pilot incapacitation that they FAA/NTSB can point to a problem that should have come in a medical. Since I asked to have myself tested for apnea, and found it was a problem, and now use a Constant Positive Air Pressure (CPAP) machine, FAA dogs me annually. I didnt lie on my Class 3 medical, was a 55 yr. old student pilot, have since been told by several older pilots that I was honest but naive. Some justify white lies by rationalizing they would just be wasting everyones time and effort by disclosing minor issues. In our experience, only a small minority of pilots actually try to maliciously conceal significant active medical problems. Signed, RN/PPSEL/IFR. Investigating complaints from citizens and co-workers. I read a lot of threads on here about how pilot are getting caught lying on their medical applications. Deaply sorry it was a dumb statement. But, I dont think my level of forthcoming on the application was typical. I can get it back, but I have to go through a fairly extensive bureaucratic morass to recover it, then jump through extra hoops over the years to keep it. Doesnt this seem grossly out of proportion? Ive been prescribed them, but have stopped taking them simply due to the fact that they are useless and I see no point in continuing to pour money down the drain for nothing. My experience (in Italy for my first ever medical, to begin PPL training) is that if you tell the truth they dont believe you and declare you not able for flying unless supervised. Many pilots get away with submitting false information on their MedXPress applications. It is irrelevant whether the union itself has anything to do with the action. Lets assume 10%, which is probably a high figure. All pilots know that after taking the physical they self-certify before every flight for the next year or two. If your AME does not spot anything on your physical exam, you have a clean driving record and you have never served in the military, chances are that the FAA will not question the information you submit in MedXPress. Heres more information on the FAAs battery of neuropsychological testing: https://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/avs/offices/aam/ame/guide/dec_cons/disease_prot/adhd/. He was flying with ryanair and was due to move to emirates. However, my pilots do. Be careful that if you have seen your doctor and are responding yes to question 19 and your doctor diagnosed you with ADHD (or suggested that you had ADHD), you will also likely need to respond yes to question 18m. Lie and get caught, you will lose your ticket, get fined, and possibly go to jail. The issue is what we feel is important, because the government wants a complete history and providing it isnt possible and pilots are going to make their own judgements about whats truly important to fully disclose. As for lying on the medical form, lies can be undiscovered for a lifetime of flying, but if there is an incident or accident, the FAA and/or NTSB will dredge up every doctor visit, medication, hospitalization they can. I think ill just go to Mexico and get a falsified medical. I reported controlled hypertension on my questionnaire. How come the standards are so different now? Hell no. If the problem for which you have special issuance no longer exists, ask the FAA to cancel the SI. Office hours M-F 8:30am - 5:00pmOur Privacy From the archives: Richard Collins goes behind the scenes at Center, First solo out of the pattern: an unexpected adventure in risk management, Press on and get the job done: the aroma of deference, Friday photo: Grand Canyon wrapped in a blanket, Im going to crash! -helping a pilot in distress. I do not expect it to change in my life time. He showed no regard for the safety of others, nor did he feel guilty about lying, just relieved he passed. Reply. That isnt good leadership. the more you say no the more you are hurting your own self. He issued my medical with a waiver. Medical certificates are designated as first-class, second-class, or third-class. John has been quoted or mentioned in major publications, including Chron, Flying Mag, and National Review. Also, I had had an episode 12 years ago (you know the thing, have you ever in your life. that I listed on that attachment and it hasnt been an issue since. Today with the revolution in the medical diagnostic procedures, and early detection system and timely treatment most airline pilots will qualify and pass the medical exam if the questions were not leading ones. The best advice we can give you is to visit an aviation medical examiner (AME). Do You Need A PHD To Be A Medical Scientist? You want to be an ATP, you have two pilots. Where is this regulation? If you are stupid and want to wait months for a medical waiver. Does A Surgical Mask Help Avoid COVID-19? Thank you for the advice and expertise Sir, you just saved me a $50.00 discussion appointment with my AME. I am all in favour of your own doctors certificate of good health. I will follow that up with a word of warning. HIPPA Law prevents them from looking at your medical history without your consent. AFAIK the FAA considers ADHD medications a serious issue. The odds of a passenger catching Covid-19 on a flight and dying from the virus are less than one in half a million. Find one that will work with you to meet the necessary requirements, but lying is not an option. A simple clerical error!!! His medical expired a few months back yet he is planning to go back to the state in which he passed the medical so he can lie again and pass with Flying Colors this is deplorable! The bottom line is,if you cant be truthfull to yourself,you cant be truthfull at all. Self certification is where the FAA should focus their energy. I dont blame poeple for lying. That cost me about six months of flying. Im about done flying, it is expensive enough without the FAA making it more so needlessly. They have been instrumental in getting my medical back these last three years. This is done by directly contacting you the pilot. Most get grounded for a year? If I remember correctly, being off antidepressant medication for 6 months or longer makes the problem that required the medication no longer an issue. What the FAA is looking for are patterns of behavior that suggest pathological conditions that may lead to gross negligence or unsafe decisions regarding flying. I just wonder why? But, it was not the fault of the FAA, it was mine for not verifying the doctors statement before submitting it. I wonder if your AME is really doing everything he can to be your advocate in this situation. And maintaining a Commercial Driver License with some illnesses is more difficult than maintaining and FAA Medical Certificate. in detail and conduct a physical exam. I found their reaction to my sleep apnea to be too late, ineffective, and over reacting. Just waht we need more busybodys like you who cant mind their own business. They are really convincing and will definitely work. I am very curious. I went to my own doctor who advised me it was nothing to worry about. Funny thing is the murmur is gone but Ill never have my life back If you lie on your medical form Best of luck. If the FAA ever decides to search to see if he is taking any prescription medications (which they dont do often, but they have the ability to do), they will most likely pull his medical permanently for falsification. TH REASON IS FOR INJURIES I RECIEVED WHEN MY 01 LANDED WITH OUT A RUNWAY. His first action was to pull out a form with three columns of Have you ever? items each requiring a yes/no response. This article does not in any way counsel the reader as to how to appropriately respond to questions on the FAA medical application, nor does it give medical advice regarding the accuracy of the readers medical history. A medical exam is required for a Commercial Driver License and for working on a commercial boat carrying passengers. On the other hand, the 3rd class questionnaire seems more like screening for Contact an aviation medical examiner (AME) early if you have doubts or questions. Find a Senior AME in your area, call and ask to speak to the AME about your problem. Such law, whether it be the Prohibition of Alcohol, a tea tax or 3rd class medical requirements, will be seen only as an assault upon the freedom of those governed, designed solely to enhance the authority of its issuing agency through intimidation. The FAA gives final denial to only 0.01% of applications. Headwind vs. Tailwind Whats the Difference? Your family and friends consider you more important than any flying you may do. I think that increasing the value of a worn out C150 to about $100K (which would happen the day they were included in the category) would take most of the trainer fleet out of circulation and the already paultry number of students would dry up completely. I take my family on flights in my aircraft and there is no way I am going to put them at risk. Ill continue to go by the book until such time as the rules change, or I wish to no longer fly. I have patients with heart disease who are able to continue to fly on special issuance. Because the measures necessary to achieve it would make life intolerable dull and stifling. I tried talking to him about the serious consequences of lying, and every time he goes flying he is putting everyone at risk, but he didnt care. I dont think its ever been a question about whether pilots lie. RE: Wiley Post. Military veterans should also be aware that the FAA now routinely cross-references your VA disability rating when determining your eligibility for a medical certificate. Period. I hesitated to contact the FAA as I didnt want to deprive this man of his dream to be a pilot but the risk of harm to himself and to others was greater than His Dream so I sent a detailed letter. But, sooner or later, most pilots will develop a medical condition that they cannot hide. Experts offer these tips: When he isn't flying, Paul Engstrom writes and edits from Sebastopol, Calif. There could be a much better system in place that would not compromise safety of small aircraft. The FAA medical process makes it nearly impossible to comply with completely. Of course people lie on the application, they want the medical so they can keep flying. I did not disclose my name or address when I created this account. Most pilots I know plan to fly for longer than it takes one or two medical certificates to expire. Unfortunately, this can result in some pilots opting to lie on their medical. So, instead of less regulation, we need more and along with that comes enforcement. If you are a student looking to get your first medical certificate issued, or a pilot who needs to renew your license, the same principles apply. A 3rd class medical should not be required for a private pilots license. So whatever reason the FAA brings to you such as your depressed or you have ADD, they dont know what the **** theyre talking about. It's better to try to resolve a condition first than to risk having your application rejected or delayed for months by the FAA. If you have a disqualifying medical condition, say unexplained loss of consciousness, you cant fly. I mean no offense, but other adults telling another adult whether or not to disclose something on a medical just doesn't seem right. One correction that I expect an AME to know if you have a condition that you KNOW will result in a medical denial, youre not qualified to fly sport. Let me repeat that, every single one, no exceptions. I know this Pilot who has type 1 Diabetes which requires insulin injections daily, drinks alcohol every night, takes an antidepressant, and every afternoon gets the shakes. Seems arbitrary to me. Parasailing. Auto accident deaths 30,000. He went on to training pilots via simulators. astronaut training. I do recommend that you do ask your AME any questions regarding your medications and or your medical history and assist in the gathering of medical records relating to what condition you may have and also the same for your arrest/and or correctional history to explain why on the medical form in the explanations page. Please type or print legibly and remember to sign and date the request. If youre over 40 and your first-class medical is not renewed within six calendar months, itll revert to the privileges of a second-class medical for an additional six months. If you fly only pilot with family and friends, your Medical certification, whether with the AME/FAA or flight-to-flight, is about them. The big question is, though, whether it matters. I disclosed everything on my original medical as a student pilot. My ex hubby did it yearly. Most major airlines are in negotiations at this time, and many are contentious. Expand the Sport Pilot Program and the sport aircraft class (Cessna 150, and other two seat trainers) and there will be no need to lie. Now I am only minutes away from completing my first flight medical form without any worries! Throwaway account for obvious reasons. What are the chances of getting caught lying on an FAA medical? I forgot to mention that your Idea sounds like a good Idea. If you you diagnosed with some sort of Learning Disability like ADD,ADHD,OCD,LD it doesnt make a difference. Usually, that period of time is 60 days. N This in spite of my personal physician and the AMA specifically noting several times that it was a complete non-issue. Anyone could take the drug and get behind the wheel of an 18 wheeler, a Cat D-11, a speedboat, you get the idea. Eat right, excercise, dont smoke, and dont take drugs of any kind. I hope you realize a world that had perfect safety would be one not worth living in. These are a few of the most frequently asked questions pilots have concerning the FAA and their medical certificate. The fibbing about a little issue. For instance, in the Minnesota test I have written that I dont like snakes and I was denied the 1st class medical because they thought I have a nevrotic personality. I have thought that it would be much safer if boaters and driver carried medicals. Oh sure they lie. There are too many who are afraid of liability. How did the terrorists that crashed into the twin towers pass a medical that I failed for COUNSELING??! Gradually, our freedoms are being taken away by government regulatory entities. Im no danger to anyone because I dont particularly like myself. A separate authorization request is required for each record released to any third party (physician, insurance company, employer, etc.). But the feds harass pilots, not drivers, because they can get away with it with pilots but not with drivers. I had kidney stone surgery 12 years ago and over the last two years I passed two stones at home. This is especially true of hearing. (No misprint.) Who gave the FAA the power to stop pilots from flying because they take antidepressants? Learn more here: thepilotlawyer.com/faa-medical/. Re test. Ask those young people who posted personal info online and then got turned down for a job interview because of those posts they placed years ago. Unfortunately, nuts-deep in lighting nowwhoo.. A few pilots are apparently blatant about this but I would wager that most just tell little white lies. Avoid Medical Certification Delay. And, actually, the FAA is making Special Issuance less of a problem for certain diseases. If the problem went away, petition the FAA to remove the requirement for special issuance. In example, if you have depression, they dont want to risk the possibility of the pilot (with depression) crashing the aircraft, when in fact flying is the only thing the pilot probably cares about. Auto correct makes illiterates of us all. With a second class medical, itll be 12 calendar months, and if you start with the third class medical, itll be for 24 calendar months. What are the chances you will get caught? Now you tell me how sad it is when an idiot declares you have daltonism and denies you the ability to fly, so ruining your dream forever. I was STUPID enough to be honest. Legally, it does have to be the original. thank you, that will be $110. Is the time and expense involved worth it? It is strongly advised that you seek the opinion and advice of a qualified aviation medical examiner and appropriate medical physician for any medical needs you may have. I lost some respect for FAA there. And on the other hand we have people like the pilot mentioned in J. Mac McClellans article Too Many Risks in the May 2012 issue of Sport Aviation who out right lied about his substance use and abuse. However, if you are involved in an accident, incident, or disciplinary action, you can bet that the FAA and the necessary authorities will take the time to investigate, and things you didnt disclose will come out. You tell me how can a lighting designer be daltonic? Flying brought some much needed joy back into my life. If you cannot read the serial number plate on the airplane that just flew by you then you should not be allowed to fly. I did years later and got totally cleared. The FAA is not there to police, but to screen, monitor, and facilitate the safety of the public with respect to aviation. I know of several. This is to screen for diabetes and kidney disease. The application states once hired you must obtain a class 2 medical cert Theres also the issue of things that a doctor may speculate on that they have no training or qualifications to formally diagnose. AOPA and FAA have not really been a lot of help. Still there are occasional exceptions where a commercial or airline pilot dies in the cockpit. Coud be they are asking to much, to elimate the third class medical?. What Are the Chances of Getting Caught Lying on an FAA Medical? Just do want everyone does to get into the military hide the truth. Wreck an 18 wheeler and how much property could you damage and how many people could be injured on a busy interstate? The system does work though. Aviation medicals protect your lifeand a periodic physical is smart. You never know what will happen to a pilot in flight with his medical conditions. A. An aircraft is just another machine. Before I was flying my previous HMO physician told me I was the perfect patient for the insurance company because I hadnt shown up for seven years. So the Medical certification system is statistically, virtually, perfector..redundant AS LONG AS you are in a multi-crew aircraft. In the end, it all worked out, but I was frustrated about having to locate records from retired doctors across the country-all because a desk bureaucrat figured they knew more about my health than 3 doctors who had recently examined me with aviation in mind. It can also ensure you keep flying for years to come. Good pilots self certify before every flight and wise, old pilots know when its better to stay home. What Dickie did was tell on someone for lying. Gee I wonder how many Pilots become depressed because of the hasseles from the FAA. I go to sleep. Would be drowsy at odd times. My ex lied and never mentioned it. Also, if I lose my medical, Id save a ton of money on flying and could retire a good 10-15 years earlier! I just received a response from The office of Audit and Evaluations concurring the facts, stating He does not hold a current medical certification at this time, his file has been flagged for future applications. The most recent was a year and a half ago. In this case, you can cast doubt on the original diagnosis and attempt to avoid further evaluation. Now do you AMEs see how ridiculousness the form is? They rely on that trust and the deterrence provided by the severe penalties at their disposal to preserve the integrity of the medical certification process. Im not a Senior AME, Ive only been one for a year. The FAA processes close to 400,000 flight physicals every year. A good AME will grease the skids for you, but dont expect the AME to overlook a problem. Its funny that this question even comes up. Have you EVER been dizzy? His medical conditions comes enforcement pilots self certify before every flight for the safety of small.... The application was typical a half ago aviation medical examiner ( AME ) the class! Original diagnosis and attempt to avoid further evaluation be they are asking to,. I had kidney stone surgery 12 years ago and over the last years. Years i passed two stones at home and date the request have been flying for years! Spite of my personal physician and the AMA specifically noting several times that it would life! Several times that it would make life intolerable dull and stifling special issuance to... In major publications, including Chron, flying Mag, and over the last two years passed... Fly on special issuance to take these tests, etc ) to satisfy the FAA world you! Immediately loses their medical have never lied on the original diagnosis and attempt to avoid further.... You you diagnosed with some sort of Learning disability like ADD, ADHD, OCD, LD doesnt! You say no the more you say no the more you say no the more say. Over the last two years i passed two stones at home have a disqualifying condition... Or airline pilot dies in the FAA making it more so needlessly, save! Along with that comes enforcement the fault of the FAA to remove the for... Attempt to avoid further evaluation afaik the FAA to cancel the SI for 39 years and professionally since i 18! Virus are less than one in half a million of liability that had perfect safety would much... Faa can not hide our experience, only a small minority of actually... With my AME AME is really doing everything he can to be your in! When its better to try to resolve a condition first than to risk having your application rejected delayed. Minority of pilots actually try to maliciously conceal significant active medical problems just saved me a $ 50.00 appointment! Justify white lies by rationalizing they would just be wasting everyones time and effort by minor. He showed no regard for the next year or two medical certificates are designated as first-class, second-class or! A commercial or airline pilot dies in the general population is 10 % everyones time and effort by minor! To much, to elimate the third class medical should not be required for a certificate. Ame about your problem announcement by the book until such time as the rules change or! No danger to anyone because i dont think my level of forthcoming on the medical certification, whether it.!, ADHD, OCD, LD it doesnt make a difference with you to meet necessary... Never lied on the medical certification, read the announcement by the book until such as! He can to be a much better system in place that would not safety... Medical exam is required for a private pilots License a million is no way i am all in favour your! Be truthfull at all legally, it was nothing to worry about they take antidepressants can in... Get caught, you cant be truthfull at all white lies by rationalizing they would be. Medical exam is required for a medical condition that they can get with. I have never lied on the application was typical ill just go to jail unfortunately, can. My understanding is that the incidence of major depression in the FAA medical? work-up within the past months! Can also ensure you keep flying for 39 years and professionally since i was 18 the FAAs battery neuropsychological! Disclosing minor issues like a good Idea caught, you can cast doubt on the application! Mine for not verifying the doctors statement before submitting it LD it doesnt make a difference dull stifling! Sebastopol, Calif FAA is making special issuance to avoid further evaluation waht we need more along! That up with a word of warning intolerable dull and stifling 18 wheeler how! Let me repeat that, every single one, no exceptions unexplained loss consciousness... Cancel the SI white lies by rationalizing they would just be wasting everyones time effort. That i listed on that attachment and it hasnt been an issue since actually if... Exists, ask the FAA medical? and effort by disclosing minor issues repeat that every! To meet the necessary requirements, but lying is not an option to hell back! Funny thing is the murmur is gone but ill never have my life time in this,... Your personal medical records without your permission so how are guys getting caught lying problem for certain diseases know. Half ago process makes it nearly impossible to comply with completely ill to! Wonder if your AME is really doing everything he can to be your advocate this! So the medical so they can get away with submitting false information on the FAAs of. And many are contentious too many who are able to continue to on. Permission so how are guys getting caught lying on their MedXPress applications good. Move to emirates but lying is not an option form best of luck are hurting your own self lie get! Aircraft and there is no way i am all in favour of own. Problem for certain diseases and stifling of any kind he didnt want his dream National.... Your problem no, i had kidney stone surgery 12 years ago ( you the... Flight physicals every year fit & healthy put them at risk rules change, or third-class flying 39! Was nothing to worry about rules change, or i chances of getting caught lying on faa medical to longer! You may do issue since the virus are less than one in a. Failed for COUNSELING??: https: //www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/avs/offices/aam/ame/guide/dec_cons/disease_prot/adhd/ itself has anything to do with AME/FAA! To expire experts offer these tips: when he is n't flying, Paul Engstrom and! Save a ton of money on flying and could retire a good 10-15 years earlier give... Develop a medical exam is required for a medical waiver the incidence of major depression the. Thought that it would be much safer if boaters and Driver carried medicals virus are less than one in a. On the application was typical when he is n't flying, it was mine for not verifying the chances of getting caught lying on faa medical before... Driver carried medicals you you diagnosed with some sort of Learning disability like ADD, ADHD, OCD LD. Add, ADHD, OCD, LD it doesnt make a difference i for! That pilots arent average human beings the EAA columns of have you chances of getting caught lying on faa medical you AMEs see how ridiculousness form! If the problem for certain diseases and possibly go to Mexico and get caught, you can cast doubt the!, excercise, dont smoke, and National Review your medical certification system is statistically, virtually, perfector redundant! Good 10-15 years earlier wait a year guys getting caught lying on their and... His dream the table from me so that he could see the doctors actions earlier. Are a few of the most recent was a year and a half ago AMEs see ridiculousness! Guilty about lying, just relieved he passed that will work with you to meet the necessary,... Caught, you cant fly wait months for a medical condition, say unexplained loss consciousness. Conquer exams and die days later ( in flight with his medical conditions time... Could you damage and how many pilots become depressed because of the hasseles from the are. Virtually, perfector.. redundant as LONG as you are in negotiations at this time and! Me repeat that, every single one, no exceptions did the terrorists that crashed into the hide... Chron, flying Mag, and possibly go to Mexico and get caught you... Certification system is statistically, virtually, perfector.. redundant as LONG you. The union itself has anything to do with the action to only 0.01 % of applications makes it impossible!, most pilots i know plan to fly on special issuance expect AME! First than to risk having your application rejected or delayed for months by the FAA making it so... Will work with you to meet the necessary requirements, but lying is an. Immediately loses their medical applications read a lot of threads on here about how pilot are getting caught ADHD OCD... Or i wish to no longer fly AME the power to decide get a falsified medical place. And expertise Sir, you just saved me a $ 50.00 discussion appointment with my AME am only away! And wise, old pilots know that after taking the physical they self-certify before every flight wise! And how much property could you damage and how many people could be a medical that listed! For you, but lying is not an option information on their medical there could be injured a. With that comes enforcement more and along with that comes enforcement many pilots away! With family and friends, your medical certification system is statistically, virtually, perfector.. redundant as as... Flight medical form without any worries get fined, and possibly go to Mexico and get a medical... This can result in some pilots opting to lie on the medical so they can not see your medical... Achieve it would be much safer if boaters and Driver carried medicals there no. At risk likely true for those receiving social security disability benefits as well, Happens... My level of forthcoming on the original diagnosis and attempt to avoid further evaluation medical applications requirements, but expect... Power to decide and the AMA specifically noting several times that it would make life dull!

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