StingRay is an IMSI-catcher (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) designed and commercialized by the Harris Corporation. Since May, asprotesters around the country have marched against police brutality and in support of the Black Lives Matter movement, activists have spotted a recurring presence in the skies: mysterious planes and helicopters hovering overhead, apparently conducting surveillance on protesters. U.S. law enforcement use of stingrays domestically is more curtailed, given that they, unlike the military, need to obtain warrants or court orders to use the devices in federal investigations. The connection should last only as long as it takes for the phone to reveal its IMSI number to the stingray, but its not clear what kind of testing and oversight the Justice Department has done to ensure that the devices release phones. They swap sims from every carrier Ive ever had. Consider what the world of media would look like without The Intercept. 9:40 PM PST February 21, 2023. Google earth is owned by our own military. Given that President Donald Trump has referred to protesters as , , and that paramilitary-style officers from the Department of Homeland Security have been deployed to the streets of, , its conceivable that surveillance conducted at recent demonstrations has been deemed a national security matter raising the possibility that the government may have used stingray technology to, The name stingray comes from the brand name of a specific commercial model of IMSI catcher made by the Florida-based Harris Corporation. CryptoPhone users found 17 fake cell towers in a month, but dont know who deployed them or why. Recently, Amnesty International reported on the cases of two Moroccan activists whose phones, may have been targeted through such network injection attacks. Joining is simple and doesnt need to cost a lot: You can become a sustaining member for as little as $3 or $5 a month. What's at Stake. Cell-site simulators are in wide use across the U.S., U.K. and Canada. 1 The Erie County Sheriff's Office has spent more than $350,000 to purchase and maintain its two Stingray systems. The IMSI number identifies that phone and its owner as a paying customer of a cell carrier, and that number can be matched by the carrier to the owners name, address, and phone number. There is no requirement or coordination among the vendors about giving users these optionsgiving them the freedom to choose privacy., 2023 Cond Nast. Stingray is the generic name for an electronic surveillance tool that simulates a cell phone tower in order to force mobile phones and other devices to connect to it instead of to a legitimate cell tower. leaked in 2015, models of dirtboxes described in that document can be configured to track up to 10,000 targeted IMSI numbers or phones. In 2008, authorities used a StingRay and a KingFish to locate a suspect who was using an air card: an internet-connectivity device that plugs into a computer and allows the user to get online through a wireless cellular network. There is a very simple way to carry your cell phone with you and completely block any (known) type of surveillance of it: place it in a faraday bag or pouch. They withheld the fact that the devices force phones to connect to them, that they force other phones that arent the target device to connect to them, and that they can perform more functions than simply grabbing an IMSI number. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and Your California Privacy Rights. Stingrays, also known as cell site simulators or IMSI catchers, are invasive cell phone surveillance devices that mimic cell phone towers and send out signals to trick cell phones in the area into transmitting their locations and identifying information. The only option you have for finding out is to contact your phone carrier and ask them, but whether or not youll get a truthful answer depends on the company. Cell-site simulators such as StingRays are widely used by law enforcement in the U.S., U.K. and Canada. The problem, however, is that Justice Department policy is not law. One Florida mans experience provides a peek into the secretive and intrusive world of stingray surveillance. AT&T says that it began limited SA deployments late last year, and that it will scale up when the ecosystem is ready.. Your email address will not be published. No. StingRay is an IMSI-catcher (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) designed and commercialized by the Harris Corporation. And a group of researchers from Purdue University and the University of Iowa also found a way to. The versions of stingrays used by the military can intercept the contents of mobile communications text messages, email, and voice calls and decrypt some types of this mobile communication. Law enforcement can then, with a subpoena, ask a phone carrier to provide the customer name and address associated with that number or numbers. on about your day, ask yourself: How likely is it that the story you just read would have been produced by a different news outlet if The Intercept hadnt done it? The more accurate umbrella terms for these kinds of devices is IMSI catcher or cell-site simulator. IMSI is short for international mobile subscriber identity, and it refers to the unique identifier attached to every SIM card. CryptoPhone users found 17 fake cell towers in a month, but dont know who deployed them or why. Verizon and AT&T have taken longer to transition and are still working on switching to high speed 5G in general. And although the policy includes state and local law enforcement agencies when they are working on a case with federal agents and want to use the devices, it does not cover those agencies, . Law enforcement can also home in on the location of a specific phone and its user by moving the stingray around a geographical area and measuring the phones signal strength as it connects to the stingray. In the absence of publicly available stingray information, the University of Washington researchers tried a new technique to find out more. In the absence of publicly available stingray information, the University of Washington researchers tried a new technique to find out more. In this article, well break down exactly what a StingRay is, what it does and how to block StingRay surveillance using tools such as VPNs and network selection. Harris also makes products like the Harpoon, a signal booster that makes the StingRay more powerful, and the KingFish, a smaller hand-held device that operates like a stingray and can be used by a law enforcement agent while walking around outside a vehicle. The technology is believed to have originated in the military, though its not clear when it was first used in combat zones or domestically in the U.S. In North America and many other parts of the world, high-speed 5G mobile data networks dangled just out of reach for years. How to Block StingRay Surveillance in 2023 on 2G, 3G, 4G & 5G Networks. BuzzFeed News had previously obtained records showing that from 2013 to 2017, HSI had used the technology 1,885 times. Stingrays are a popular choice among US law enforcement; they were a reportedly common presence at many of last summer's anti-police brutality protests. The Push to Ban TikTok in the US Isnt About Privacy. Given that President Donald Trump has referred to protesters as terrorists, and that paramilitary-style officers from the Department of Homeland Security have been deployed to the streets of Portland, Oregon, its conceivable that surveillance conducted at recent demonstrations has been deemed a national security matter raising the possibility that the government may have used stingray technology to collect data on protesters without warrants. Phones that are using 4G employ strong encryption. That informative, easy to understand.l loved it. China Is Relentlessly Hacking Its Neighbors. AT&T stopped servicing their 2G network in 2017 and Verizon did in 2020. The name stingray comes from the brand name of a specific commercial model of IMSI catcher made by the Florida-based Harris Corporation. Were seeing the initial deployments which are already bringing the core benefits of low latency, high data transfers through the non-standalone method. The military systems can also send a silent SMS message to a phone to alter its settings so that the phone will send text messages through a server the military controls instead of the mobile carriers server. He also said they werent just used by the FBI but also by the Marshals Service, the Secret Service, and other agencies. And trying to move away from non-standalone mode to standalone mode everywhere will take some time.. Because a stingray is not really a tower on the carriers network, calls and messages to and from a phone cant go through while the phone is communicating with the stingray. Keep reading to learn what these devices are, what information they collect and how you can protect yourself against them. Theyre primarily used by government agencies, but in theory, theres nothing stopping random cybercriminals from deploying one. Plus: Microsoft fixes several zero-day bugs, Google patches Chrome and Android, Mozilla rids Firefox of a full-screen vulnerability, and more. Ice Cream Machine Hackers Sue McDonald's for $900 Million. In addition to collecting the IMSI number of a device and intercepting communications, military-grade IMSI catchers can also spoof text messages to a phone, according to David Burgess, a telecommunications engineer who used to work with U.S. defense contractors supporting overseas military operations. OpenAIs Foundry will let customers buy dedicated compute to run its AI models. They determined the general neighborhood in San Jose where Rigmaiden was using the air card so they could position their stingray in the area and move it around until they found the apartment building from which his signal was coming. The problem, however, is that Justice Department policy is not law. They cannot collect the contents of communication, such as text messages and emails. Federal agents are not required to seek a warrant to use the technology in cases involving such circumstances. The device is known as a stingray, and it is being used in at least 23 states and the District of Columbia. Unlike with StingRays and similar devices, protecting yourself against a Hailstorm attack is much more difficult. Update (May 14, 2015): The New York State Police released StingRay devices are just one type of IMSI-catcher that targets legacy 2G or GSM networks by mimicking a cell tower that your phone then connects to. The relative lack of oversight these types of organizations enjoy makes it difficult to determine exactly how widespread this type of surveillance is. They couldnt have been more wrong. Are people using spy apps to monitor conversations on phone/house? The data captured can include the IMSI number as well as text messages, email, and voice calls. But stingrays can force phones to downgrade to 2G, a less secure protocol, and tell the phone to use either no encryption or use a weak encryption that can be cracked. Unfortunately, most 5G networks are still really just 4G, but with upgraded speed and bandwidth. Harris also makes products like the Harpoon, a signal booster that makes the StingRay more powerful, and the KingFish, a smaller hand-held device that operates like a stingray and can be used by a law enforcement agent while walking around outside a vehicle. One Florida mans experience provides a peek into the secretive and intrusive world of stingray surveillance. According to the 2006 catalog of surveillance technologies leaked in 2015, models of dirtboxes described in that document can be configured to track up to 10,000 targeted IMSI numbers or phones. The WIRED conversation illuminates how technology is changing every aspect of our livesfrom culture to business, science to design. Verizon and AT&T have taken longer to transition and are still working on switching to high speed 5G in general. Folks, YOU ARE being tracked IF you have a cell phone Our local dispatcher has a 46 screen that has traveling dots all over it.. Im not savvy even a little on the internal operations of computers/devices. So far 90 network operators in 45 countries have committed to making the switch to standalone mode, says Jon France, head of industry security at the telecom standards body GSMA. How to Block StingRay Surveillance in 2023 on 2G, 3G, 4G & 5G Networks. Cloudwards.net may earn a small commission from some purchases made through our site. Malware injected into the baseband of a phone is harder to detect. What is the main purpose of stingray surveillance in a government setting? Dubbed the Cell-Site Simulator 1 The Erie County Sheriff's Office has spent more than $350,000 to purchase and maintain its two Stingray systems. Police around the world use this technology primarily to locate a phone (and therefore a person) with a high degree of accuracy, or determine who is at a specific location. You may see where this is going. It's like starting your cake-decorating business out of your cousin's ice cream shop while you renovate a new storefront three blocks away. Of course, you cannot use your device while it is in a faraday bag. The most straightforward way to protect yourself against StingRay attacks is to disable 2G networking on your phone. The technology is believed to have originated in the military, though its not clear when it was first used in combat zones or domestically in the U.S. A Stingray closely resembles a portable cellphone tower. But a security researcher named Roger Piqueras Jover found that the authentication on 4G doesnt occuruntil after the phone has already revealed its IMSI number, which means that stingrays can still grab this data before the phone determines its not communicating with an authentic cell tower and switches to one that is authenticated. Its also not clear how effective the devices are at letting 911 calls go through. The Justice Department requires federal agents to obtain a probable cause warrant to use the technology in criminal cases, but there is a carve-out for national security. Documents obtained by the ACLU in 2015 also indicate such devices do have the ability to record the numbers of incoming and outgoing calls and the date, time, and duration of the calls, as well as to intercept the content of voice and text communications. The surveillance equipment is pricey and often sold as a package. It's a false sense of security, says Ravishankar Borgaonkar, a research scientist at the Norwegian tech analysis firm SINTEF Digital and associate professor at University of Stavanger. Android users can download apps that analyze a device's network connection and can flag non-standalone mode, but that's an onerous extra step. Burgess says that if the military knows the phone number and IMSI number of a target, it can use an IMSI catcher to send messages to other phones as if they are coming from the targets phone. Kyle Wiggers. They withheld the fact that the devices force phones to connect to them, that they force other phones that arent the target device to connect to them, and that they can perform more functions than simply grabbing an IMSI number. obtained by BuzzFeed News offered a little more insight on the matter; it revealed that shortly after protests began in various cities, the DEA had sought special authority from the Justice Department to covertly spy on Black Lives Matter protesters on behalf of law enforcement. They can do this in two ways: They can either redirect the phones browser to a malicious web site where malware can be downloaded to the phone if the browser has a software vulnerability the attackers can exploit; or they can inject malware from the stingray directly into the baseband of the phone if the baseband software has a vulnerability. True 5G networks fix the security vulnerabilities used by StingRay technology to obtain information from nearby devices. In active mode, these technologies broadcast to devices and communicate with them. Keep your logins locked down with our favorite apps for PC, Mac, Android, iPhone, and web browsers. This still leaves you open to automatic downgrades on 3G and 4G networks, though, so if youre worried about this type of surveillance, youll want to run a VPN as well. A dirtbox is the common name for specific models of an IMSI catcher that are made by a Boeing subsidiary, Maryland-based Digital Receiver Technology hence the name DRT box. They are reportedly used by the DEA and Marshals Service from airplanes to intercept data from mobile phones. and a fake name and address to register his internet account with Verizon. Phone probably cloned. How many covert wars, miscarriages of justice, and dystopian technologies would remain hidden if our reporters werent on the beat? Documents obtained this year by the American Civil Liberties Union indicate that Harris has upgraded the StingRay to a newer device it calls a. leaked to The Intercept in 2015 describes other similar devices. The American Civil Liberties Union found 75 different agencies including the FBI, DEA and NSA make use of this type of surveillance. At first glance, this investigative strategy seems appropriate and the most efficient way to catch criminals. The unique signal sent out is sometimes referred to as an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI) and it consists of a 12 to 15 digit number. Although the term StingRay has become a bit of a catch-all term, technically it only refers to a single type of device. OpenAIs Foundry will let customers buy dedicated compute to run its AI models. This process is invisible to the end-user and allows the device operator full access to any communicated data. For example, once law enforcement has narrowed the location of a phone and suspect to an office or apartment complex using the StingRay, they can walk through the complex and hallways using the KingFish to find the specific office or apartment where a mobile phone and its user are located. Thats the end of our guide on how to protect yourself from surveillance carried out with StingRays and similar devices. A dirtbox is the common name for specific models of an IMSI catcher that are made by a Boeing subsidiary, Maryland-based Digital Receiver Technology hence the name DRT box. They are reportedly used by the DEA and Marshals Service from airplanes to intercept data from mobile phones. They can also obtain a historical log of all of the cell towers a phone has pinged in the recent past to track where it has been, or they can obtain the cell towers its pinging in real time to identify the users current location. They can do this in two ways: They can either redirect the phones browser to a malicious web site where malware can be downloaded to the phone if the browser has a software vulnerability the attackers can exploit; or they can inject malware from the stingray directly into the baseband of the phone if the baseband software has a vulnerability. However, any affiliate earnings do not affect how we review services. Is there some crucial detail you think we missed? Google Earth is constantly watching and monitoring everybody. Typically, law enforcement officials place the Stingray in their vehicle with a compatible computer software. That still has a 4G core in it, its the brain of the network, and until we get to a 5G brain in standalone mode we wont get all of the security benefits.". A stingray imitates cell towers and picks up on unique signals sent out by individuals attempting to use the cell phone network. Law enforcement agencies claim criminals could craft anti-surveillance methods to undermine the technology if they knew how it worked. Qualcomm has started out in the older cell phone also. Although StingRays are limited to tracking cell phone users connected over a legacy 2G network, the same company that produced the StingRay (the Harris Corporation) also manufactures a device known as Hailstorm (or simply StingRay II). Documents in a 2011 criminal case in Canada showed that devices used by the Royal Canadian Mounted Police had a range of a third of a mile, and in just three minutes of use, one device had intercepted 136 different phones. The security benefits you miss while on a non-standalone 5G network extend beyond stingrays. They are running some kind of router in my home and plugging (what sounds like a regular telephone) into the telephone jack..My Home network changes, all ip addresses change all the time! If law enforcement already knows the IMSI number of a specific phone and person they are trying to locate, they can program that IMSI number into the stingray and it will tell them if that phone is nearby. As of yet, there are no known IMSI catchers that can pick up 5G traffic, though it wouldnt surprise us if this changes once 5G networks become more widespread. BuzzFeed News had previously obtained records showing that from 2013 to 2017, HSI had used the technology, For years, law enforcement used the devices without obtaining a court order or warrant. Rigmaiden had. What did you think of our guide to cellular surveillance? We dont have ads, so we depend on our members 35,000 and counting to help us hold the powerful to account. Law enforcement does not need an IMSI-catcher to track the location information of a cell phone. Using a VPN when youre on mobile data will keep the contents of your network traffic safe from anyone listening in with an IMSI catcher. Versions of the devices used by the military and intelligence agencies can potentially inject malware into targeted phones, depending on how secure the phone is. StingRay Technology. It was easy to hold attention so I could finish reading through to the end. Depending on how many phones are in the vicinity of a stingray, hundreds could connect to the device and potentially have service disrupted. To prevent that sort of monitoring, 5G is built to encrypt IMSI numbers. They then walked around the apartment complex with a hand-held KingFish or similar device to pinpoint the precise apartment Rigmaiden was using. OpenAIs Foundry will let customers buy dedicated compute to run its AI models. AJ+ made this short, informative video explaining how cell-site simulators (also known as IMSI catchers and stingrays) work. As Russia's failures mount in its war against Ukraine, can Biden prevent an isolated Putin from doing the unthinkable? Partially, yes. In the past, it did this by emitting a signal that was stronger than the signal generated by legitimate cell towers around it. Democrats Sen. Ron Wyden of Oregon and Rep. Ted Lieu of California are introducing a bill on Thursday that would restrict the use of stingray cell site simulators, powerful surveillance devices capable of intercepting calls, texts, and other information sent to cell phones and determining their current location.. That vulnerability, , says Jover. Share it with your friends and family, and make sure you tell them to download Signal onto their smartphones. Unless you live in an area with true 5G networks (more on that later), your only chance of keeping information like SMS messages safe from Hailstorm devices is to always use a VPN. If the phones are wireless they can monitor the calls just like cells. When a phone communicates with a cell tower, it reveals the unique ID or IMSI number (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) associated with the SIM card in the phone. A CSS is a device that mimics a legitimate cellular tower. The solution to all of this is true 5G. In some court documents, law enforcement officials have indicated that they obtained location information about the defendant from a . Whether the government has used the technology against Black Lives Matter protesters without a warrant is likely something that will remain a secret for some time. To address this loophole, lawmakers would need to pass a federal law banning the use of stingrays without a warrant, but efforts to do so have so far been unsuccessful. WebA StingRay can be used to identify and track a phone or other compatible cellular data device even while the device is not engaged in a call or accessing data services. WIRED is where tomorrow is realized. Recent documents obtained by the ACLU also indicate that between 2017 and 2019, the Department of Homeland Securitys Homeland Security Investigations unit has used stingrays at least 466 times in investigations. I have the same problem. Cell-Site simulators such as StingRays are widely used by the DEA and Marshals from... Werent on the beat to disable signs of stingray surveillance networking on your phone networks are still working switching! Reach for years in wide use across the signs of stingray surveillance, U.K. and Canada two stingray systems and devices... Device and potentially have Service disrupted intercept data from mobile phones just out of reach for years depend our... Had previously obtained records showing that from 2013 to 2017, HSI had used the technology 1,885 times being in. Users found 17 fake cell towers around it primarily used by stingray technology to obtain information from devices. 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