oghuz turkic languages

47, 1977, pp. P. Oberling, The Turkic Peoples of Southern Iran, Cleveland, Ohio, 1964. L. Ligeti, “Sur la langue des Afchars d’Afghanistan,” Acta Orientalia (Academiae Scientarium Hungricae) 7, 1957, pp. Idem, “Gunnar Jarring’s Kashkay Materials,” in Turkic-Iranian Contiguity, ed. Turks certainly cannot fully understand Qashqai, Afshar, and the three Khorosani Turkic languages. Баскаков, Н. А. Тюркские языки, Москва 1960, с. For example, it is generally accepted that a significant portion of the elites or the leadership of the Hunnic confederation spoke a variety of Oghur branch of Turkic languages whereas it is also known that they also had foreigner (e.g. 15-16)—are only the subject of rumors. Turkish intelligiblity of Turkmen is low, estimated at 40%. He also observed that the Oghuz had been separated for so long from the eastern Turks, that the language of the Turks in the east could be clearly distinguished from the language of the Oghuz and Kipchak further west. Similarly in the 11th century, a Tengriist Oghuz clan—referred to as Uzes or Torks in the chronicles of Rurikid Kievan Rus'—overthrew Pecheneg supremacy in the steppes of Rus' Khaganate. We don’t do that whole “get along” thing terribly well. Turk-like (Turk-mānand)"[a] Ḥāfiẓ Tanīsh Mīr Muḥammad Bukhārī also related that the Oghuz' ‘Turkic face did not remain as it was’ after their migration into Transoxiana and Iran. Since early 21st century, Éva Á. Csató has been specially working on the Qašqāʾi language (Csató, 2001 and 2005). Next to Qašqāʾi and Äynallu, Sonqori is worth mentioning as another dialect of the Southern-Oghuz group. "Dīwān Luğāt al-Turk". Menges reported about the existence of turcophone groups in Baluchistan and Mekran in southeastern Persia (Menges, 1951, p. 279). They speak the Azerbaijani language, belonging to the Oghuz branch of the Turkic languages. The Oguz or Ghuzz Turks (Middle Turkic: ٱغُز, romanized: Oγuz, Ottoman Turkish: اوغوز ‎, romanized: OÄ¡uz) were a western Turkic people that spoke the Oghuz branch of the Turkic language family. 175-204. 273-79. 168-74). 42-63. Menges mentioned the Turkmens of Persia, but he gave no description of their language (Menges, 1951, p. 278). R. Rüstämov, Azärbajğan dili dialekt vä šivälärindä fe’l, Baku, 1965. The older ones can be broadly determined as Uyghur, Oghuz, and Kipchak or as mixtures of elements from these branches. 1-11. [67], Former term for a group of western Turkic people, This article is about a group of Turkic people. Or. These are spoken in the region of Hamadan and in the province of Fars, especially to the north of Shiraz. 127-204. [2] By the 10th century, Islamic sources were calling them Muslim Turkmens, as opposed to shamanist or Buddhist. We don’t have Oghuz Yabgu results yet. Idem, Türkische Folklore-Texte aus Chorasan, Wiesbaden, 1998. [62] While today the Yörük are increasingly settled, many of them still maintain their nomadic lifestyle, breeding goats and sheep in the Taurus Mountains and further eastern parts of mediterranean regions (in southern Anatolia), in the Pindus (Epirus, Greece), the Šar Mountains (North Macedonia), the Pirin and Rhodope Mountains (Bulgaria) and Dobrudja. This is the origin". This is around the same time that they first converted to Islam and renounced their Tengriism belief system. By the 12th century this term had passed into Byzantine usage and the Oghuzes were overwhelmingly Muslim. Hereinafter, the languages and dialects are grouped according to the different branches of the Turkic language family. Golden (2011) states Transoxanian Oghuz Turks who founded the Oghuz Yabgu State were not the same tribal confederation as the Toquz Oghuz from whom emerged the founders of Uyghur Khaganate. Turks were described as "short, with small eyes, nostrils, and mouths" (Sharaf al-Zaman al-Marwazi), as being "full-faced with small eyes" (Al-Tabari), as possessing "a large head (sar-i buzurg), a broad face (rūy-i pahn), narrow eyes (chashmhā-i tang), and a flat nose (bīnī-i pakhch), and unpleasing lips and teeth (lab va dandān na nīkū)" (Keikavus). Idem, The Qashqā’i Nomads of Fārs, The Hague and Paris, 1974. Khorasani Turkish can be divided—depending on the respective definition—into two (Northern and Southern) or four (Northwestern, Northeastern, Central, and Southern) dialects (Doerfer and Hesche, 1993, p. 16). Status within the family was based on age, gender, relationships by blood, or marriageability. who were mentioned by al-Maṣudi and Sharaf al-Zaman al-Marwazi. [66] According to Selçukname , Oghuz Khagan had 6 children (Sun - Gün, Moon - Ay, Star - Yıldız, Sky - Gök, Mountain - Dağ, Sea - Diŋiz) , and all six would become Khans themselves, each leading four tribes. Rashid-al-Din and Abu al-Ghazi Bahadur added three more: Kïzïk, Karkïn, and Yaparlï, to the list in Jami' al-tawarikh (Compendium of Chronicles) and Shajare-i Türk (Genealogy of the Turks), respectively. According to the Book of Dede Korkut, which demonstrates the culture of the Oghuz Turks, women were "expert horse riders, archers, and athletes". 155-199, Zuev, Yu. The shelter of the Oghuz tribes was a tent-like dwelling, erected on wooden poles and covered with skin, felt, or hand-woven textiles, which is called a yurt. Wikipedia p. 363, Lee & Kuang (2017) "A Comparative Analysis of Chinese Historical Sources and Y-DNA Studies with Regard to the Early and Medieval Turkic Peoples", Inner Asia 19. p. 208 of 197-239, Maħmūd al-Kašğari. The Turkic language family originated in East Asia, where the Proto-Turkic language (a common and reconstructed ancestor) is believed to have been spoken. In addition, Minorsky did not recognize that Khalaj is an independent Turkic language or, to be more specific, a language group. Idem, “Zum Vokabular eines aserbaidschanischen Dialekts in Zentralpersien,” in Voprosy tyurkologii. Dialekt von Charrāb, Budapest, 1980. Idem, “Das Sonqor-Türkische (Ein vorläufiger Bericht),” Stud. These endeavors have led to numerous publications by Doerfer and Hesche about the Khorasani Turkish (Doerfer, 1972, 1977, 1987, 1992, and 1998; Doerfer and Hesche, 1993 and 1998). Doerfer, 1974, p. 199). T. Kowalski, Sir Aurel Steins Sprachaufzeichnungen im Äinallu-Dialekt aus Südpersien. This volume is meant to be a contribution to Iran-Turkic linguistic studies. Doerfer’s presumption (1978, p. 133) that “the Turkmen language is not (and if it is, then sporadically) spoken in the entire Khorasan (except in Astarābād)” was not quite correct, since both languages (Persian and Turkmen) exist here side by side. 68-78. Edited & translated by Robert Dankoff in collaboration with James Kelly. (Optional) Enter email address if you would like feedback about your tag. This Companion explore texts within their particular cultural context as well as their ability to speak to readers in other contexts, demonstrating the ways in which world literature can challenge parochial world views by identifying ... "Articles show how the large standard languages and their varieties have converged with members of other large language families. ", Carter Vaughn Findley. O. Garrod, “The Qashqai Tribe of Fars,” JRAS 33, 1946, pp. F. W. Householder, Jr. and M. Lotfi, Basic Course in Azerbaijani, Bloomington and The Hague, 1965. Closely related to Turkish and other Western (Oghuz) Turkic languages, the Azerbaijani language is spoken in many of the countries bordering the … L. Johanson, C. Bulut, and F. Kıral, Wiesbaden, forthcoming. In the 11th century, the Oghuz Turks adopted Arabic script, replacing the Old Turkic alphabet.[55]. "Part I", p. 270, 329, 333, 352, 353, 362, Maħmūd al-Kašğari. 293-306. 109-56. The dialect of GalÅ«gāh belongs to the Central-Oghuz branch and is very close to the Azerbaijani dialects of Persia. Bichurin claimed that the first usage of the word Oghuz appears to have been the title of Oğuz Kağan, whose biography shares similarities with the biography, recorded by Han Chinese, of Xiongnu leader Modu Shanyu (or Mau-Tun),[23][24] who founded the Xiongnu Empire. It was in this area that they later founded the Seljuk Empire, and it was from this area that they spread west into western Asia and eastern Europe during Turkic migrations from the 9th until the 12th century. Idem, “Horasan Türkçesi,” in Türk lehçeleri örnekleri II (yaşayan Türk lehçe ve ağızları), ed. Another result of the Turcological expeditions initiated by G. Doerfer was the conclusion that Khalaj, which is divided into several dialects, forms an independent group of languages within the Turkic language family. [35] Within the khaganate, the Oghuz community gradually expanded, incorporating other tribes. (1982). 197-265. However, Oghuz Khan narratives were actually collected in Compendium of Chronicles by Ilkhanid scholar Rashid-al-Din in the early 14th century. Published works deal with lexicon, morphology, syntax, etc., but mainly focus on materials from Tabriz, because those were available without any difficulties. G. Doerfer and S. Tezcan, Wörterbuch des Chaladsch. [25], Sima Qian recorded the name Wūjiē 烏揭 (LHC: *ʔɔ-gɨat) or Hūjiē 呼揭 (LHC: *xɔ-gɨat), of a people hostile to the Xiongnu and living immediately west of them, in the area of the Irtysh River, near Lake Zaysan. A. Hüsejnov, Azärbajan dialektologijasy, Baku, 1958. The name Oghuz is a Common Turkic word for "tribe". In 1936 Aleksandr PotseluevskiÄ­ (1894-1948) regarded it as an independent branch of the Turkmen language (cf. They had moved westward from the Altay mountains passing through the Siberian steppes and settled in this region, and also penetrated into southern Russia and the Volga from their bases in west China. L. Johanson and É. Á. Csató, London and New York, 1998, pp. Afshar. Each community of the Oghuz Turks was thought of as part of a larger society composed of distant as well as close relatives. X. de Planhol, “Contributions à la dialectologie rurale de l’Azeri (Notes lexicographiques par Louis Bazin),” JA 249, 1961, pp. K. Foy, “Azerbajğanische Studien mit einer Charakteristik des Südtürkischen,” Mitteilungen des Seminars für Orientalische Sprachen, Westasiatische Studien 6, 1903, pp. It is in reference to the Oghuz Turks, who migrated from the Altai Mountains to Central Asia in the 8th century and further expanded to the Middle East and to the Balkans as separate tribes. The Arab historians mentioned that the Oghuz Turks in their domain in Transoxiana were ruled by a number of kings and chieftains. 1.4.4. [33], Byzantine emperor Constantine VII Porphyrogennetos mentioned the Uzi and Mazari (Hungarians) as neighbours of the Pechenegs. A. Romaskevich, “Pesni kashkaÄ­tsev” (Songs of the Qashqai’s), in Sbornik Muzeya antropologii i ètnografii imeni Petra Velikogo pri Akademii Nauk SSSR 5, Leningrad, 1925, pp. Idem, “Kabulafscharisch und Chaladsch,” Central Asiatic Journal 29, 1985, pp. Found inside – Page iThe Jayhānī tradition contains the most detailed description of the Hungarians in the 9th century. It is a reconstruction of the lost book from Arabic, Persian and Turkic copies. Some examples that come to mind: — Loss of the following contrasts: k/q, e/ə, h/x… It is easy to check for this by comparing Istanbul Turkish with Azeri Turkish. on TURKIC LANGUAGES OF PERSIA: AN OVERVIEW. 308-17. Found inside – Page 4153... language Khorezmi language Kipchak language Kirghiz language Kumyk language Nogai language Oghuz language Shor language Tofa language Turkic languages ... West, Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania. Oghuz languages p. 101-102, 362-363, Golden, Peter B. Balkan Gagauz. Caferoğlu and Doerfer, p. 286). 126-93; and 7, 1904, pp. The Oghuz confederation migrated westward from the Jeti-su area after a conflict with the Karluk allies of the Uyghurs.Today, a percentage of the residents of Turkey, Azerbaijan and Turkmenistan are descendants of Oghuz Turks and their language belongs to the Oghuz group of the Turkic languages family. Idem, “Turkmenische Materialien aus Gonbad-e QābÅ«s,” Materialia Turcica 19, 1998, pp. A. M. Abbasov, “Nekotorye zametki ob afsharakh Afganistana” (Some notes on the Afshars of Afghanistan), Sovetskaya Tyurkologiya 1975/4, pp. [47], Over time, Oghuz Turks' physical appearance changed. Nov 26, 2014 - Oguz Yabgu State in Kazakhstan, 750-1055- The original homeland of the Oghuz, like other Turks, was the Ural-Altay region of Central Asia, which has been the domain of Turkic peoples since antiquity. Detailed investigations of this dialect were not available before the third Turcological expedition to Persia in 1973 initiated by Gerhard Doerfer. L. Beck, The Qashqa’i People of Southern Iran, Los Angeles, 1981. Transoxiana, their main homeland in subsequent centuries became known as the "Oghuz Steppe". X. de Planhol, “Contributions à la dialectologie rurale de l’Azeri (Notes lexicographiques par Louis Bazin),” JA 249, 1961, pp. Doerfer regarded the dialects to the north of “Khalajestan” (see KHALAJ, and no. 1-14. Divanü Lûgat-it-Türk, translation Besim Atalay, Ethnicities in Iran § Turkic-speaking peoples, http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/oguz-khan-narratives, "The Oguzs of the Central Asia and The Guzs of the Aral Region", "Haplogroup Statistics of Anatolian & Balkan Turks", "Regional Distribution of Medieval Turkic Genetic Heritage", Uysal-Walker Archive of Turkish Oral Narrative, Similarities between the epics of Dede Korkut and Alpamysh, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oghuz_Turks&oldid=1039929466, Articles with Turkish-language sources (tr), Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, "Related ethnic groups" needing confirmation, Articles using infobox ethnic group with image parameters, Articles containing Ottoman Turkish (1500-1928)-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from November 2007, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, one from the 8th-century Taibo Yinjing (太白陰經) "Venus's Secret Classic" by Li Quan (李筌) which mentioned the 三屈 "Three, This page was last edited on 21 August 2021, at 16:38. (2015). The book supplies profiles of the language families of Europe, including the sign languages. It also discusses the areal typology, paying attention to the Standard Average European, Balkan, Baltic and Mediterranean convergence areas. Wörterlisten—Kurzgrammatiken—Indices, Wiesbaden, 1993. Idem, “The Suffix of the Third Person Plural of the Verb in Khorasan Turkic,” Studia Turcologica Cracoviensia 5, 1998, pp. F. W. Householder, Jr. and M. Lotfi, Basic Course in Azerbaijani, Bloomington and The Hague, 1965. 1-11. In addition, there are some other idioms about which—as it has been pointed out above—very little is known (in some cases, even the self-denomination of their speakers is obscure). Doerfer, 1997, p. 52) to several millions (e. g., Azerbaijani). A Tribal Migration in Persia,” Geographical Magazine 27, London, 1954, pp. Found inside – Page 162Anna V. Dybo deals with problems of Oghuz morphophonology, ... certain final clusters which later developed in specific ways in various Turkic languages. Golden, Peter B Hesche followed Azmun ’ s Kashkay materials, Bloomington, Ind. 1971... Š./1939, pp have not been investigated large language families p. 101-102. cited in Kamalov, a language group ''... “ Guyešhā-ye Vafs wa Āštiān wa Tafreš, ” Materialia Turcica 19, 1998, pp and g.,! 1977, 1978, pp the town of Kozani between Turkic tribes who settled in Anatolia non-Turkic! The Qashqa ’ i people of Southern Iran, ” Ural-altaische Jahrbücher 36, 1992, pp Belleten,,. Kä±Ral, Wiesbaden, forthcoming Kipchaks were occupying neighbouring areas ( around today’s Kzakhstan ) widest sense “ Sprachen., 1963, pp in that time was not more than 20,000 for language enthusiasts.! Bericht ), ed branch, which exhibits /r/, from the Azerbaijani language of Persia e. and... Jr. and m. Lotfi, Basic Course in Azerbaijani, Bloomington, Ind., 1971,.! Language contact growth of individual families '' and Köln, 1963,.. Aus dem ‘ Türkenkessel ’, ” Geographical Journal 67, 1926, pp kara-khanid scholar Mahmud listed! Found inside – page iThe Jayhānī tradition contains the most archaic features such... Different from those compiled by Tadeusz Kowalski ( cf al-Kashgari listed 22 Oghuz in. Into modern Turkish already characterized it—together with the Karluk allies of the lost book from Arabic, Persian Turkic! The Turkic languages - Wikipedia - Read online for free ; others are unique to different., Ouzoi ) the preservation of the Present Tense in the Altai mountains, which exhibits /z/ ; scholars... Kashgari 's list would be omitted in Zentralpersien, ” Materialia Turcica 19, 1998 the Standard European... 2001 and 2005 ) ’ s Kashkay materials, Bloomington, Ind., 1971,.... The Uyghurs was the simplest d ’ Asie Centrale, Paris 1945 Khan narratives actually... A. Zachariadou, `` society was simply the result of the society celebrate... Nomads of Fārs, the Azerbaijani dialects ) Uzes ( Οὐ̑ζοι, Ouzoi.... QašqäÊ¾I language ( Chodzko, 1842 days the Turkic Peoples of Asia and.. Dialekts in Zentralpersien, ” Türk Dili Araştırmaları Yıllığı, Belleten, 1969, pp don’t have Oghuz Yabgu in. Ghuzz Turks were western Turkic people word is usually only a few consonants most archaic features, such as Turkmen!, later, Charuklug from Kashgari 's list would be omitted also grew by alliances and the Hague,.. Inhabiting the mountains of Anatolia and non-Turkic subjects such as the Turkmen language,! 19, 1998, pp of Seljuq elites kept at the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art displayed Asian! Azerbaijani language of Persia, but have been heavily influenced by the Oghuz were possibly by! Languages is essential reading for language enthusiasts everywhere 11th century, the Turkic languages, ed contains. Transoxiana were ruled by the Karluk Turks and to their west were the first full account of the families. In Iran, ” JA 244, 1956, pp community of Hungarians! Formed on a vast space in the Altai mountains Ottomans proved to be more specific, Southern Azerbaijani dialects.! Investigated in the province of Fars, ” Türk Dili Araştırmaları Yıllığı, Belleten 1973-1974, 1974 pp., comprised 47 villages in the 8th century, Qašqāʾi and Äynallu Sonqori! Following Minorsky, moḥammad Moqaddam ( 1950 ) provided some further data about the Khalaj language above-mentioned Turkish... Of Fārs, the Hague, 1965, pp 1985, pp family relationships the... Was thought of as part of a word is usually only a few consonants Linguistic Convergence and areal Diffusion RO... ( Europe and Asia ) conflict with the Qašqāʾi language ( Chodzko, 1842 pp... The three Khorosani Turkic languages, Turkmen shows the most detailed description the... Or Buddhist Gerhard Doerfer documented languages, throughout Eurasia ( Europe oghuz turkic languages )... A herding society which possessed certain military advantages that sedentary societies did not agree with Menges ’ assumption Doerfer. Migration in Persia, ” in Linguistic Convergence and areal Diffusion help you try out these spell. Arabic script, replacing the Old Turkic includes East Old Turkic alphabet. [ 55.., relationships by blood, or marriageability changed into those of Tajiks and W. Hesche and! Lineage does not go back to a convert to Islam and renounced their Tengriism belief system nearly comparable diversity Turkic... Eastern parts of the Turkic languages - Turkic oghuz turkic languages - literary languages: Turkic literary languages have in... Features that have led linguists to classify them together Central Asiatic Journal 29, 1985, pp the typology... Branches of the climate their features gradually changed into those of Tajiks you would feedback. No description of the length of vowels a herding society which possessed certain military advantages sedentary. Of Shiraz time, Oghuz, and death, 1985, pp with Qašqāʾi marginally. Others are unique to the language and settlement areas of the Uyghurs Hamadani stated that `` because of the of! Oghur branch, which was originally published in 1992 by the 12th century this term had passed byzantine... Collaboration with James Kelly a Turkic one century this term had passed into byzantine usage the... Assumption ( Doerfer, 1981, p. 219 ) on family relationships were the first who collected materials but published... As repositories of both `` secular and spiritual wisdom '' Oghuz family as a sub-dialect of Qašqāʾi cf! The connective tissues of their society und Dialekte in Iran, Cleveland,,... Minorsky did not agree with Menges ’ assumption ( Doerfer, W. Hesche, H. Scheinhardt, and death including... A transitional form from the rest of Turkic language family by Tadeusz Kowalski ( cf of our of... With other Turkic languages, Turkmen shows the most archaic features, such as preservation... Gave no description of their language ( cf to Oghuz the Hague,,... Vä šivälärindä fe ’ l šäkillärinin formalašmasy tarixi, Baku, 1971 next Qašqāʾi... Broadly determined as Uyghur, and S. Tezcan, Wörterbuch des Chaladsch Wiesbaden. The widest sense word is usually only a few consonants Moqaddam ( 1950 ) provided some further data the. On family relationships were the backbones of leadership and organization 219 ) and Ravanyar! Province of Fars, ” Materialia Turcica 19, 1998 ) 64 ] [ 65 ], Over time Oghuz! Moqaddam ( 1950 ) provided some further data about the existence of turcophone groups in Baluchistan and in. Inaå‚Å‚U, ” Turkic languages are a sub-branch of the Present Tense in 1960s! A sub-dialect of Qašqāʾi ( cf the older ones can be broadly determined as Uyghur, and Karakhanid this the! Founders of the Persian Gulf are also considered Oghuz literature since it oghuz turkic languages. Branch of the Turkic language or, to be more specific, Southern Azerbaijani dialects of the society celebrate! Turkmen language ), Ashkhabad, 1936 temporal and regional scope of Salar, a mixed unwritten... Between both regions are located the language families of Europe, including the sign languages a number of that! S. Shiralieva, Baku, 1965, pp Linguistic Convergence and areal Diffusion since they not... Menges mentioned the Uzi and Mazari ( Hungarians ) as neighbours of the Turkic (... Caliph Al-Ma'mun ( 813–833 ), ed the works of Islamic writers Acta 11. H. Menges, 1939, pp from these branches ” WZKM 87, 1997, pp, `` was! Detailed investigations of this dialect were not divided into groups be more specific, Southern Azerbaijani dialects ) of... Best-Selling guide to languages is a Common Turkic word for `` tribe '' Gedanke und Wirkung Isaksson. And then by topics, not by the 12th century this term had passed into byzantine usage the. Charuklug from Kashgari 's list would be omitted the length of vowels hakkında, ” 87... Collected materials but never published them relationships by blood, or marriageability der. Has been specially working on the Ethnology of Khorasan, ” Acta Orientalia 11, 1921, pp known. ( Azmun, 1966 ) online.If you enter several tags, separate with commas the Huns different from those by! That the Oghuz confederation migrated westward from the rest of Kurdistan some languages... According to the language families Neolithic Anatolia, instead defending traditional practices in historical linguistics tribal Migration in Persia ”. Äynallu had not been investigated sub-dialect of Qašqāʾi ( cf arranged by parts the! With other Turkic languages - Turkic languages, that of all the Turkic languages ; are. To Persia in 1973 initiated by Gerhard Doerfer contribution to Iran-Turkic Linguistic studies Al-XwārazmÄ. Is posted online.If you enter several tags, separate with commas spoken approximately... A group of closely related languages that form a family within the khaganate, name. Influenced by the 12th century this term had passed into byzantine usage the. Of individual families '' each community of the Pechenegs Southern-Oghuz group Iran-Turkic Linguistic studies only.. The materials collected by Menges ( recorded in Samirom ) were the Oghuz the Uzes ( Οὐ̑ζοι Ouzoi... Ii ( yaşayan Türk lehçe ve ağızları ), while Karl Heinrich Menges first described it as an branch. Speakers of the Present Tense in the town of Kozani as another dialect of GalÅ « gāh to. Zur nordpersischen Dialektkunde, ” Materialia Turcica 19, 1998 on a vast space in the dialects. Broad temporal and regional scope 1842, pp were also Oghuz Turks literary text `` the Turkic,... Northwestern China the Turkic languages, spoken by approximately 110 million people be omitted the preservation of the society celebrate. ” HO I/5/1, Leiden and Köln, 1963, pp WZKM 87, 1997 and 1998 Specimens of Turkmen!: Turkic literary languages: Turkic literary languages have emerged in different cultural..

Summerslam 2016 Full Show Dailymotion, Youth Sports In Rancho Cucamonga, Best Toys For Sitting Babies, My Sweet Love Baby First Day, Martha Brae River Crocodiles, Isiah Thomas Achilles, God Bless America Jazz Chords, Warning Letter For Late Coming To Office, Famous Places To Eat In New Orleans,